In the last paragraph, the author uses the example of &ldquo;Residents of upscale residential developments&rdquo; to illustrate the:

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Question :

In the last paragraph, the author uses the example of “Residents of upscale residential developments” to illustrate the:

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A.
introduction of nationalist projects by such elites to produce a sense of dread or topophobia.
B.
manner in which environments are designed to minimise the social exclusion of their clientele.
C.
sensitive response to race and class problems in upscale residential developments.
D.

social exclusivism practised by such residents in order to enforce a sense of racial or class superiority.

Option D is the correct answer.

Explanatory Answer

The author states that ‘residents of upscale residential developments have disclosed how important it is to maintain their community’s distinct identity, often by casting themselves in a superior social position and by reinforcing class and racial differences.’ The author cites this example to show how topophilia may be used to reinforce class and racial differences and feeling of superiority.